Citing+(Referencing)+Sources

=**Citing/Referencing Sources ** =

**What is Citation? **
A research project will include facts, opinions, quotations, and images taken from a variety of print, non-print, and electronic sources. Citing sources is providing select information about each source used for a project.

= Why **Do We Cite? ** =


 * ====To give proper credit for words, ideas, graphics, or other information you borrow from others ====
 * ====To help readers find sources you used in case they want to read more from those pieces for themselves ====
 * ====To differentiate our work from another's work ====
 * To add value or credibility to our argument, thesis, or claim
 * To avoid plagiarism

=** What is Plagiarism? **=

"Plagiarism involves taking another person's ideas, words or inventions and presenting them as your own. Paraphrasing or rewording another person's work, without acknowledging its source, is also plagiarism." (The University of Auckland, Plagiarism 1)


 * ~ What is **Plagiarism** ?

** Cut Copy Paste = Cut Copy Cheat ** ( Humble ISD 1) ||


 * Other Forms of Plagiarism **

=** When Should You Quote, Paraphrase or Summarize? **= = =

=** How Do We Avoid Plagiarism? **= = Step One ---> In-text Citations =
 * CITE or REFERENCE anything that is not common knowledge or that you did not come up with yourself
 * Always use **In-text Citations** = Direct Quotes & Paraphrases
 * **Direct Quote** ~Copying parts of a source - word-for-word - and citing the source
 * SHORT QUOTE Sample:
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 130%;">According to Murphy, the Alcatraz lighthouse "guided ships into San francisco's busy harbor, which was booming since the gold rush five years earlier" (Murphy 11).
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 130%;">LONG QUOTE (**more than 4 lines**) Sample:
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 130%;">(Click **HERE** for format)
 * ** Student Practice (see handout) **


 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 130%;">**Paraphrasing** ~Putting information from a passage/section into your own words and citing the source. Paraphrasing is different from Summarizing which "involves putting the main idea(s) into your own words..." (The Writing Lab, et. al., Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing 1).
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 130%;">Example:
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 130%;">ORIGINAL:
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 130%;">"Although the okapi resembles a zebra, it is actually a close cousin to the giraffe. Discovered in 1900, it inhabits the rainforests of the Congo area in Africa. Okapis tend to be solitary animals, secretive in their habits." (Kletzien Tab 4).
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 130%;">PARAPHRASE:
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 130%;">The okapi looks like a zebra, but it is kin to the giraffe. They found it in Africa in 1900, but that was hard because it lives alone and is hard to find. Now, let's check and see if I remembered the information and put it into my own words (Kletzien Tab 4).
 * ** Student Practice (see handout) **

= Step Two --> <span style="color: #ff00ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 24px;">Documenting Your Sources  =

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 130%;">Most Common MLA Citations:

 * - __//Click the type of source you need to cite below.//__ **
 * ====<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 18px;">Books - Print and Online ====
 * ====<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 18px;">Periodical (Magazines) Articles - Print and Online (Database) ====
 * ====<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 18px;">Web pages ====
 * ====<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 18px;">Newspaper Articles - Print and Online ====
 * ====<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 18px;">Corporate Authors and Government Reports - Print and Online ====
 * ====<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 18px;">Encyclopedias and Reference Books - Print and Online ====
 * ====<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 18px;">Online Images and Artwork ====
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 18px;">Online Videos
 * ==** Images - Digital Files **==
 * ** Student Practice (see handout) **

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 25px;">For more help:

 * **<span style="background-color: initial; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 18px;">Purdue Online Writing Lab **
 * **<span style="background-color: initial; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 18px;">Sample MLA Works Cited Page **
 * **<span style="background-color: initial; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 18px;">Sample MLA Paper **
 * **<span style="background-color: initial; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 18px;">University of Ottaca **

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 25px;">(See sample)

 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 17px;">Citations are cited in full on a separate page, the last page of the document


 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 17px;">Notice the word “Works Cited” is centered on the page


 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 17px;">All margins should be set at one inch.


 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 17px;">Double space within and between entries.


 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 17px;">Do not number entries in the bibliography/works cited page.


 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 17px;">Be consistent with your citations.


 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 17px;">Entries are listed in alphabetical order according by author's last name. If the source has no author, alphabetize according to the first word of the title excluding "a," "an," and "the."


 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 17px;">The first line of each entry is flush left, with the following lines (if any) indented one-half inch (hanging indent). To set hanging indent feature in Microsoft Word, at HOME go to PARAGRAPH, under SPECIAL, choose HANGING (with .5”).


 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 17px;">Italicize title of works and databases and use upper and lowercase lettering.


 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 17px;">Include page numbers only when you use a source that is part of a larger work.


 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 17px;">If your bibliography/works cited page contains two works by the same author, you need not repeat the author's name a second time. In place of the name, type three hyphens, followed by a period and the title. Alphabetize according to the titles of the works.


 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 17px;">Separate major items with a period. End the entry with a period.


 * ==== <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 18px;">When you review your Bibliography/Works Cited page, see that it resembles the sample found on the **<span style="background-color: initial; color: #ff00ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 21px;">Purdue Online Writing Lab. ** ====
 * ** Student Practice (see handout) **